Day Lila

Personal Money · Sunday, 11 October 2026

01 Briefing what happened

US Supreme Court hears Anderson v. Intel, on when savers can sue over weak returns in a 401(k) workplace pension, and the justices lean towards Intel

Personal Money 19 sources

The case decides how hard it is for US workers to challenge the funds their employer picks for their retirement savings. Elsewhere, US Medicaid dropped refugees, and England's 2012 student borrowers wait on the Budget.

4

times US government advice on private funds in 401(k)s has changed since 2020

a Labor Department letter in 2020, its warning in 2021, a presidential order in 2025 and a draft rule this March [1]

Nearly 2 in 3

savers in Voya's research who say they want private investments in their plan

Voya sells retirement plans, and announced a deal to offer private funds in them [1]

$1bn+

promised to one new private-markets fund for US workplace plans

it opened in September with more than $50 million from 18 plans [1]

The lead story — what happened

  • The US Supreme Court heard Anderson v. Intel on Tuesday 6 October. [1]
  • A former worker at Intel, the US chip-maker, sued the people who run its 401(k), a US workplace retirement savings account, in 2019. [1]
  • He says they put workers' savings into hedge funds and private equity, two kinds of private fund. [1] He says these earned less than plain funds that track the stock market. [1][4]
  • Lower courts threw the case out. They said weak returns prove nothing on their own without a 'meaningful benchmark', a fair fund to compare against. [1]
  • The justices must decide whether a saver has to name that comparison before the case can go ahead. [1][4]
  • Justice Clarence Thomas said a fund built for high but risky returns cannot be compared with a fund built to protect against losses. [1]
  • Several justices, including liberal ones, used the same picture of apples and oranges. [1]
  • Lawyers who followed the hearing took the justices' questions as a sign the court will side with Intel. [1]
  • Lawyers for fund groups say a win for Intel would make employers feel safer adding private funds to 401(k)s. [1]
  • Most large US employers offer no private funds in their 401(k)s, and one lawyer for big employers expects the biggest to move slowest, because they face the most lawsuits. [1]
  • Supporters say such funds lock money up for years, which suits 401(k) savings that are also left untouched for decades. [6]
  • Critics say private funds are hard to see inside and charge high fees, for savings that are meant to be simple. [5] Supporters say some other US retirement accounts have been allowed to hold them for decades. [6]
Justice Thomas's point: in a good year, a fund built to fall less in a crash will trail a fund built to grow. Comparing their returns alone says little about either.

Who is involved

  • Intel

    the US chip-maker; the committee that runs its retirement plan was sued in 2019

  • Matthew Wessler

    lawyer for the Intel workers; told the court the claims must be judged together, not one by one

  • Aimee Brown

    a lawyer for the US government; asked the court to set 'some parameters' for a fair comparison

  • Clarence Thomas and Elena Kagan

    two of the nine US Supreme Court justices, from opposite wings; both used the apples-and-oranges picture

  • Eugene Scalia

    a former US labour secretary; filed a brief for private-fund groups backing Intel

How it unfolded

  1. 2019 A former Intel worker sues over the private funds in its 401(k) [1]
  2. June 2020 The US Labor Department opens the door to private funds in 401(k)s [1]
  3. Dec 2021 The Labor Department warns most plans are not suited to judge them [1]
  4. Aug 2025 President Trump orders wider access to private funds [1]
  5. Mar 2026 The Labor Department proposes a rule to ease the way [1]
  6. 6 Oct 2026 The US Supreme Court hears the case [1]

Where this points

Watch the court's written ruling, and whether it spells out what a fair comparison must look like, as the US government's lawyer asked. [1]

What is pushing on the whole day

The bar and the word are our reading of how hard each one is pushing today. The arrow is where it is heading. The evidence is in the stories below.

Rules rewritten after sign-up Building↑

Medicaid, the US public health cover for people on low incomes, stopped covering refugees and asylum seekers on 1 October. [8] England plans to freeze the income at which its 2012-era student loans start to be repaid, years after the loans were taken out. [11] US government advice on private funds in workplace pensions has changed four times since 2020. [1]

Scams posing as trusted names High↑

Fake meeting invites now land in people's online calendars, beside their real appointments. [10] In Islamabad, Pakistan's capital, a man who claimed to work at Pakistan's Supreme Court is accused of taking 7.2 million rupees from a family for a Harvard place. [12]

Paying more to study Building↑

Some graduates with England's Plan 2 student loans see the balance grow even while they repay. [11] Australia now charges 2,500 Australian dollars to apply for a student visa, and about half of applicants from South Asia are refused. [15]

Homes and basics costing more High↑

The typical US starter home cost about 340,000 dollars this year, up 30.8% since 2019. [14] Tehran's mayor froze the prices of essential goods for six months to ease the effect of US sanctions. [13]

The rest of the day

9 more stories on this beat.

Each with its own sources. None of these is a link to the story above.

  1. 02

    US Medicaid drops refugees and asylum seekers

    On 1 October the US stopped covering refugees, asylum seekers and victims of human trafficking through Medicaid, its public health cover for people on low incomes. [7][8] The cut comes from the tax and spending law that President Trump's Republican Party passed in 2025. [7][8] Arizona officials said 29,000 legal immigrants were removed from Medicaid that day. [7] Florida's figure is estimated at about 177,000, and KFF, a health research group, puts the total across nine states and Washington DC at more than 281,000. [7]

    Why it matters — Full-price plans on the US health marketplaces are often too dear for the people cut, KFF says, and many work in jobs that offer no health cover. [8] A family in Tucson, Arizona, says Medicaid had paid about 25,000 dollars a month for their son's care. [7] Most states have chosen to keep covering pregnant women and children who would otherwise lose cover. [9]

  2. 03

    Fake meetings appear in online calendars

    Scammers are sending fake invites that appear in people's online calendars, such as Google Calendar, without being accepted. [10] Calendar apps can add an invite on their own, so the target does not even need to open the email, says Luke Wescott of Sublime Security, an email security firm. [10] The entries look like meetings, voicemail alerts, payment receipts or PayPal warnings. [10] They link to fake login pages or to fake 'support' phone numbers. [10] Wescott says his firm has seen 'exponential growth' in the trick. [10]

    Why it matters — An entry sitting next to a real dentist appointment gets trusted more than a strange email, Wescott says. [10] Some scammers send the invites through real services such as Zoom, which makes them hard to block without blocking real meetings too, says Cofense, another security firm. [10]

  3. 04

    Three Plan 2 borrowers, ten years on

    Three friends who started at Newcastle University in 2012 each borrowed about 37,500 pounds under Plan 2, the student loan England brought in that year. [11] Ten years into repaying, one has cleared it, one owes about 47,000 pounds that is not shrinking, and one sees her balance still rising. [11] Since April, Charlotte has repaid about 450 pounds while about 500 pounds of interest was added. [11] The UK government plans to freeze the income at which repayments start, 29,385 pounds, for three years from 2027. [11]

    Charlotte earns about 50,000 pounds a year. Since April the interest added to her loan has been larger than what she paid off.

    Why it matters — A frozen threshold means graduates start repaying sooner and pay more each month. [11] Campaigners want the rate cut and the freeze reversed in the Budget later this month. [11] The Department for Education says it will keep looking for ways to make the system fairer. [11]

  4. 05

    Fake agent took a family's savings for a Harvard place

    Police in Islamabad, Pakistan's capital, are hunting a man accused of taking 7.2 million rupees from a family to get their daughter into Harvard University. [12] He was not a registered visa agent, and claimed to work as an accountant at Pakistan's Supreme Court, the Federal Investigation Agency says. [12] The family also paid him 550,000 rupees for a job for her brother, and sold a plot of land and gold to raise the money, police sources say. [12] The student, Laiba Aijaz, a recent graduate, died on Friday; she reportedly took her own life. [12]

    Why it matters — Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif ordered the man's arrest, and his name is on a list that stops him leaving Pakistan. [12] Investigators hold the visa papers he gave the family, and are looking for a woman who allegedly helped him. [12]

  5. 06

    US starter homes get scarcer and dearer

    Starter homes made up 36.2% of US homes listed for sale this August, down from 38.1% in August 2019, figures from Realtor.com, a property listings site, show. [14] Realtor.com counts a home as a starter home when it costs 80% or less of the middle price in its area. [14] Their typical price rose 30.8% over those years, from about 260,000 to about 340,000 dollars. [14] Of 8,300 ZIP codes, the US postcodes, in the 100 biggest metro areas, only 18.3% had mostly starter homes for sale. [14]

    The typical price of a US starter home, as counted by Realtor.com, rose by 30.8% in seven years.

    Why it matters — These are the homes first-time buyers can reach, and rising mortgage rates make each one harder to afford. [14] The share did rise in at least 20 of the 100 biggest metro areas. [14]

  6. 07

    Australian universities short of overseas students

    Australian universities have filled only about two-thirds of their places for international students this year, Department of Education figures show. [15] Charles Sturt University, which teaches in country towns across New South Wales, has filled 40% of its places. [15] It says the fall since before Covid costs it 35 million Australian dollars, and it has announced job cuts. [15] Its head of international students blames a visa fee raised to 2,500 Australian dollars and refusal rates of about 53% for applicants from South Asia. [15]

    40 of 100

    of its international places filled this year

    Charles Sturt University has filled 40 of every 100 places it may offer to overseas students.

    Why it matters — Fees from overseas students pay for part of the teaching of Australian students, so a shortfall can mean fewer services for them, university heads say. [15] The visa fee is not refunded, and applicants have about one chance in two. [15] That makes applying 'more like a lottery ticket', says Phil Honeywood of the International Education Association of Australia. [15]

  7. 08

    Isaias leaves insurers a bill in the billions

    Hurricane Isaias came ashore in Florida's Panhandle late on Friday and killed four people in Florida and Alabama. [17][18] Two died when trees fell on their homes, and a man died from the fumes of a generator running in a closed garage. [17][18] Power cuts hit more than 900,000 customers early on Saturday, and about 550,000 were still without power that afternoon. [17] Matthew Palazola, an insurance analyst at Bloomberg Intelligence, says insured losses could run to several billion dollars, under ten billion. [16]

    Why it matters — Two calm hurricane seasons let insurers rebuild the money they hold for claims, and Florida's recent insurance reforms have not yet faced a big storm, Palazola says. [16] Florida's stronger building rules may have held the damage down, he says. [16]

  8. 09

    Tehran freezes prices of basic goods

    Tehran's city government has frozen the prices of essential goods for six months, under what it calls a 'Zero-Inflation Initiative'. [13] The city's mayor, Alireza Zakani, says the scheme will now spread across Iran. [13] He presents it as a defence against US sanctions. [13] The US tightened them in late August with a campaign to cut Iran off from world trade. [13]

    Why it matters — Shoppers gain from the freeze only while shops keep selling at the old prices. The announcement does not say how shops will be paid if their own costs rise.

  9. 10

    Pakistani party ties talks to scrapping the fuel levy

    Hafiz Naeemur Rehman leads Jamaat-i-Islami, a political party in Pakistan. [19] On Saturday he said he will not meet Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif unless Pakistan's government promises to scrap the petroleum levy, a charge on fuel. [19] His party has held sit-ins against it for 42 days, and says it will name a date for a march on Islamabad after 12 October if no relief comes. [19]

    Why it matters — Ministers' statements suggest the levy will stay, Rehman said. [19] Pakistan's government says it is held back by the International Monetary Fund, and Rehman rejects that. [19]

02 Lesson why it matters

New terms reach people who can no longer back out

A student loan or a health plan runs on terms a government can rewrite later, and the people already in it often cannot leave.

The twist

A newcomer can turn down worse terms. Someone who has already borrowed, moved or enrolled usually cannot, so a change that is not limited to newcomers falls on them.

The picture

The same new rule reaches both people. Only the first one can still walk away from it.

How it works

  1. Someone signs up for years under today's terms: a loan, a visa or a benefit
  2. Those terms are set by a government, which can rewrite them later
  3. A new rule can spare the people already in, or cover them too
  4. People already in cannot undo the degree, the move or the years spent
  5. So they carry the change, while newcomers can still stay away

The same force, elsewhere today

Where this chain is also running, in today's other stories.

  • Plan 2 student loans

    Graduates borrowed from 2012 under one set of repayment rules, and the income at which repayments start is now to be frozen from 2027, long after they could have chosen not to borrow.

  • Medicaid dropping refugees

    Refugees came to the US while Medicaid covered them, and on 1 October the cover was taken from people already living there.

Where you've seen this

Phone and broadband contracts

a price rise in the middle of a contract lands on customers who would pay a fee to leave

State pensions

a later pension age reaches people decades into their working lives, too late to plan another way

Sports leagues

a new pay limit binds players already signed to long contracts unless the league spares them

The catch

Governments often do spare the people already in, by applying a change only to new entrants or bringing it in slowly. When they do not, the people already in pay for the change.

And the whole of it

A graduate who borrowed in 2012 and a refugee who came to the US years ago both signed up under one set of terms. Each now lives under terms written later. So does almost anyone with a loan, a pension or a visa, usually without knowing which of those terms could change.

03 Truth what's really going on

What is really going on

The Intel case decides how hard it will be for US workers to challenge the funds their employer picks for their retirement savings. If the justices side with Intel, a saver must first name a fair fund to compare with, and lawyers for fund groups say employers would then feel safer adding private funds. [1][4] Elsewhere today, people who signed up years ago are living under newer terms, from refugees cut from US Medicaid on 1 October to England's 2012 student borrowers. [7][11]

Why it works on us — Justices from both wings of the court used one homely picture, apples and oranges, and a picture that simple makes a hard legal test sound like plain common sense. [1]

Who gains

  • Firms that sell private funds for workplace plans, such as Voya and Principal — A ruling for Intel would make employers feel safer adding their funds, lawyers for fund groups say. [1]
  • Employers that run 401(k) plans — If savers must name a fair comparison before suing, claims about weak returns get harder to bring. [1][4]
  • Plan 2 graduates on high pay — Lizzy, on 85,000 pounds a year, cleared her loan early with money borrowed from family, and expects to save about 20,000 pounds in interest. [11]
  • The US federal budget — The Medicaid cuts in the 2025 law are forecast to reduce federal Medicaid spending by 911 billion dollars, KFF says. [7]
  • Scammers who send invites through real services such as Zoom — Those invites look genuine to people and to security software, so they are hard to block. [10]

Who pays

  • Workers whose 401(k) holds private funds — If the bar to sue rises, it gets harder to challenge funds that earned less than plain stock-market funds. [1][4]
  • Refugees, asylum seekers and trafficking victims in the US — They lost Medicaid on 1 October, and full-price health plans are often too dear for them, KFF says. [7][8]
  • Plan 2 graduates on middle incomes — Charlotte, on about 50,000 pounds, repaid about 450 pounds since April while about 500 pounds of interest was added. [11]
  • First-time home buyers in the US — The typical starter home cost about 340,000 dollars this year, up 30.8% since 2019. [14]
  • Universities in Australia's country towns — Charles Sturt University filled 40% of its international places and has announced job cuts. [15]
  • A family in Islamabad — They sold a plot of land and gold to pay a man who promised their daughter a place at Harvard. [12]

What nobody knows yet

Open questions from across today’s stories — ours included.

  • 01

    When the US Supreme Court will rule in Anderson v. Intel, and what it will say a fair comparison must be.

    The court heard the case on 6 October and the US government's lawyer asked it to set 'some parameters', but no ruling has been given. [1]

  • 02

    Whether big US employers will add private funds to 401(k)s even if Intel wins.

    A lawyer for large employers expects them to move slowest, and the Labor Department's draft rule from March is not final. [1]

  • 03

    How many immigrants actually lost Medicaid on 1 October.

    Arizona counted 29,000, Florida's 177,000 is an estimate, and KFF's total of more than 281,000 covers only nine states and Washington DC. [7]

  • 04

    Whether the UK Budget later this month changes Plan 2 student loans.

    Campaigners want a lower interest rate and the threshold freeze reversed, and are waiting to see what, if anything, the Budget changes. [11]

  • 05

    How common calendar scams have become.

    Sublime Security, an email security firm, describes 'exponential growth', but the report gives no count of invites or of money lost. [10]

  • 06

    Who pays when shops' costs rise during Tehran's price freeze.

    The mayor says the freeze will spread across Iran, but the announcement gives no detail on how shops are paid. [13]

  • 07

    Where the money paid to the fake agent in Islamabad went.

    Pakistan's Federal Investigation Agency says the payments are still being examined, and the man has not been arrested. [12]

  • 08

    How big the insurance bill from Hurricane Isaias will be.

    An analyst at Bloomberg Intelligence says insured losses could be anywhere in the single-digit billions of dollars, and Florida's recent insurance reforms have not been tested by a big storm. [16]

04 Hope carry this

Most US states have chosen to keep Medicaid cover for pregnant women and children who would otherwise have lost it on 1 October.

Also true today

  • The share of homes priced for first-time buyers has grown since 2019 in at least 20 of the 100 biggest US metro areas.
  • Lizzy, one of three friends who each borrowed about 37,500 pounds for university in 2012, has cleared her student loan and expects to save about 20,000 pounds in interest.

Across the beats