World, in brief

Soldiers from inside Niger's army seized Air Base 101 at Niamey's international airport on Saturday and fired near the presidential palace 12 kilometres away. [1]

The standoff ran about 24 hours. It ended when the presidential guard, helped by Russia's Africa Corps, retook the base. [1]

Africa Corps is a paramilitary force under the direct command of Russia's defence ministry. It replaced the Wagner mercenary group in Africa after Wagner's chief died in 2023. [1][3]

Russian forces used kamikaze drones, small drones that fly into a target and explode, to make some of the mutineers surrender, RFI reported. [2]

Russia's ambassador to Niger, Viktor Voropayev, said Niger had asked for the help and that the mutineers were neutralised particularly thanks to Africa Corps. [1]

Niger's defence ministry called it a spontaneous outburst by soldiers who had broken regulations. [2]

Yvan Guichaoua, a researcher at the Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies, said hitting the airport, the palace and state television has been the classic pattern of coups for decades. [2]

Most Nigerien soldiers earn under 150 euros, about 170 dollars, a month, and many support six or seven relatives on it, a Sahel researcher told DW. [3]

General Abdourahamane Tiani took power in a coup in July 2023 against the elected president Mohamed Bazoum, and justified it by promising to fight jihadist groups better. [2][3]

Front-line units feel the presidential guard is looked after better than they are, the Sahel expert Mamadou Mouth Bane told DW, and he sees that as one cause of the revolt. [3]

Algeria, Niger's northern neighbour, also sent four Su-30 fighter jets to help, so the rescue was not Russia's alone. [3]

It is the second time this year Africa Corps has saved a Sahel government. In May it helped put down attacks across Mali. [1]

Fighting jihadists is the second priority for Africa Corps and sustaining governments is the first, said Wassim Nasr of the Soufan Center. [1]

Why it matters. Watch whether Niger's government raises front-line pay or arrests officers instead. The first would treat the cause of the revolt; the second leaves the army where it was on Saturday.

A Russian ballistic missile struck a railway depot in Kyiv, Ukraine's capital, killing seven people, six of them railway staff. Emergency services put the overnight toll across the city at eight dead, including three children. [4]

Why it matters. It is the sixth consecutive day of strikes, and the reason Ukraine's ministers arrived in Ireland today asking for air defences.

Anton Siluanov attended G20 finance talks in Asheville, in the United States, his first in person since Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022. European ministers refused to appear with him and the group photograph was taken without him. [6][7]

Why it matters. The country hosting the G20 picks the guest list, so one member can readmit a country the others are still sanctioning.

At the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, India's prime minister Narendra Modi told Vladimir Putin that every day the war continues sets humanity back a step. Putin replied that Russia was moving along that path. [8][9][10]

Why it matters. India is one of the biggest buyers of Russian oil and Modi did not offer to use that as pressure.

Meeting on the edge of the same summit, China's leader Xi Jinping told Putin that ties had grown more solid and that prospects were even brighter. It was their first meeting since May. [11]

Why it matters. The summit marks the group's 25th anniversary, with Iran's and Pakistan's leaders also in the room.

Jordan's army said it intercepted eight missiles fired from Iran early on Monday at US military sites on its territory. Donald Trump said the United States would hit Iran hard in reply. [12]

Why it matters. It restarts a war that had gone more than a month without significant fighting.

The United Arab Emirates said it shot down an Iranian drone over its territorial waters on Monday and called the attack a dangerous escalation. Iran's president Masoud Pezeshkian said his country was not seeking war but would respond decisively to aggressors. [13]

Why it matters. The UAE is a Gulf neighbour rather than a party to the war, and it is now being hit.

Trump posted a one-line message with an AI-generated clip saying Iran's oil hub at Kharg Island had been blown to smithereens. A US official said the island had not been struck, and the head of Iran's state oil company called the post laughable. [14][12]

Why it matters. Oil prices still rose nearly 2% on Monday as the real fighting resumed [14].

QatarEnergy extended its force majeure on gas deliveries, telling Italy's Edison it cannot deliver five more shipments into early November. Qatar sent 18 cargoes in the war's first six months against 509 a year earlier, losing about $24bn in sales. [15]

Why it matters. The Strait of Hormuz carried about a fifth of the world's trade in liquefied gas, and the ships have not come back.

Nepal's disaster authority counted 987 dead on Tuesday and Chinese state media 16 in Tibet, a combined 1,003. Nepal still lists 3,916 missing and China 546, among them 583 foreigners from more than 30 countries. [16]

Why it matters. Nepal's finance minister says rebuilding will cost $4bn to $5bn, close to a tenth of the whole economy [17].

Prime Minister Balendra Shah said the Bhote Koshi flood was not an ordinary flood but a disaster set off by an avalanche of snow and ice, and asked the world to act. Nepal has 30 million people and has produced very little of the warming behind it. [16]

Why it matters. Himalayan glaciers supply water to about 240 million people in the mountains and 1.65 billion in the valleys below.

The debris flow crossed the Nepal-China border and pushed India to evacuate parts of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. South Asia's regional body promised a joint disaster mechanism in 2005 and has not held a summit since 2014. [17]

Why it matters. The hazard crossed three borders within a day. The institutions built to handle it never did.

The European Commission is expected to press Spain and Greece to hand Ukraine some of their Patriot interceptors at a defence meeting in County Wicklow, Ireland. Ukraine's president says it needs about 300 to get through the winter. [18][19]

Why it matters. The Iran war has drained US stocks, so the spares must come from countries that bought them for their own skies.

A Franco-German paper would give the EU's chief diplomat Kaja Kallas hands-on control of Commission departments covering aid, humanitarian relief and the defence industry. Commission president Ursula von der Leyen would keep the final say, and some of the 5,000 diplomatic service staff would move across. [20][21]

Why it matters. It ends a turf war by making the EU's foreign minister a deputy rather than a rival.

Icelanders voted against reopening membership negotiations in Saturday's referendum, so Iceland's government has no mandate to return to the table. Euronews gives two figures for the margin in one article: 58.2% against in its summary, 52.8% in its text. [22]

Why it matters. Iceland already has the single market and Schengen, which is most of what membership would add.

Montenegro is the front-runner to join the EU, and officials say Serbia is working to slow it, including a push to write Serbian into Montenegro's constitution as an official language. Serbia's own bid is stalled after eight member states blocked its last attempt. [23]

Why it matters. Montenegro's parliament adopted the constitutional changes anyway in late August, by 68 votes of 77.

Two Israeli strikes killed five Palestinians in Gaza City on Monday: one near a residential building by the municipal park, one on a car in Tel al-Hawa. Israel's military said it hit fighters from Hamas's armed wing and named one of the dead. [24][25]

Why it matters. More than 1,300 Palestinians and four Israeli soldiers have been killed since the October ceasefire took effect [24].

The new constitution would let Guinea-Bissau's president chair the cabinet and hire and fire the prime minister, cut parliament from 102 seats to 65, and cut constituencies from 29 to 12. The electoral commission said turnout may pass 55% despite an opposition boycott call. [26]

Why it matters. The army took power in November 2025 and has promised an election on 6 December. Counting takes three to seven days.

Three of the ten people killed in a Colombian air strike on FARC dissidents in Guaviare on 27 August were aged 15, 15 and 16, the forensic institute and defence ministry said. President Abelardo de la Espriella said a second strike in the same area killed eight more. [27]

Why it matters. Human Rights Watch counts at least 1,500 children recruited by armed groups in Colombia since 2021.

Indonesia is inspecting 19 companies whose land holds 11,047 hectares of fire across seven provinces, an area nearly twice the size of Manhattan. Another 23 companies are still being checked, and 35 foreign aircraft have been allowed in to fight the fires. [28]

Why it matters. Under Indonesian law the licence holder is liable whether or not it lit the fire.

Super Garuda Shield, a 12-day exercise hosted by Indonesia with the United States and 13 other countries, opened in Bandung on Monday. A foreign official said the host wants to avoid provoking China. [29]

Why it matters. The drill runs 12 days and tests how Indonesia balances defence ties with the United States against those with China and Russia.

Taiwan's defence ministry said China is drawing lessons from the Ukraine and Iran wars, naming cheap drone swarms and what it called US problems with rapid ammunition use and the fragility of allied cooperation. It said a purge of Chinese officers is making decisions less predictable. [30]

Why it matters. The report says China's drills rehearse cutting Taiwan's sea lanes rather than landing troops on it.

China's defence ministry singled out Japan's plan to arm submarine drones with long-range missiles and to test hypersonic weapons in Australia, calling the moves dangerous. Japan adopted a counterstrike policy in 2022 while still barring pre-emptive strikes. [31]

Why it matters. Both weapons would sit across the sea routes China's navy would need in a fight over Taiwan.

Typhoon Saudel re-formed over the South China Sea early on Tuesday, two days after China's weather service had downgraded it. Eastern and southern China face three days of heavy rain, and eight airports including Hong Kong could be affected. [32]

Why it matters. Saudel already made landfall in Zhejiang on Friday, the province's third typhoon this year.

An explosion at a firecracker factory in Kaushambi district, Uttar Pradesh, killed 11 people on Monday, eight of them children aged between four and 13. Several nearby houses collapsed, and the cause is not yet known. [33]

Why it matters. A fireworks factory fire in western India killed 17 in March, and a storage fire in the south killed eight in April.

Vladyslav Vlasiuk, Ukraine's sanctions commissioner, is in Washington on Tuesday to press members of the US House of Representatives on a bill that passed the US Senate 86 to 11 and has not been scheduled for a vote. It would allow tariffs of up to 100% on big buyers of Russian energy. [34]

Why it matters. Democratic leader Hakeem Jeffries says his side fears handing that tariff power to Trump.

The United Kingdom raised the penalty for breaching sanctions from 50% to 100% of the value of the breach. Its National Crime Agency issued a national alert on the A7 network, which the British government says moves money for Russia. [5]

Why it matters. Europe is tightening on Russia in the same week the G20 host invites it back to the table.

NATO aircraft flew from Amari air base overnight after drones crossed briefly into Estonian airspace, the foreign minister Margus Tsahkna said. It was not clear who had launched them. [4]

Why it matters. Latvia scrambled jets the same night over a warning near Ludza, close to the Russian border [5].

Finland's president Alexander Stubb said he sees neither evidence nor facts that Russia could attack a NATO country soon, and Romania's defence minister said the same. Finland is still reinforcing its 1,340km border, and Sweden has agreed to send Gripen fighter jets and a naval vessel to help watch it. [35]

Why it matters. Preparing for an attack and expecting one are different things, and officials are trying to say so out loud.

Talks collapsed on 21 August. Canada says US negotiators changed the terms at the last minute in a way that would have forced it to match American tariffs on China. The United States then put 50% duties on about $20bn of Canadian goods. [36]

Why it matters. The last time Canada followed on Chinese electric cars, China halved its $4.9bn purchases of Canadian canola in reply.

Officials from both countries are weighing lower tariffs on nonsensitive products before a summit between Trump and Xi. People briefed on the talks say the two sides have not agreed what counts as nonsensitive. [37]

Why it matters. Rare earths, Iran and the wider trade fight all remain unsettled between them.

The US army secretary, Dan Driscoll, resigned after 18 months, the latest in a run of senior departures since April. Trump's administration gave no reason, and tensions with defence secretary Pete Hegseth have been widely reported. [38]

Why it matters. Driscoll had been the unusual choice as US negotiator on ending the Russia-Ukraine war.

General Dan Caine, the highest-ranking US military officer, wrote to Senator Elissa Slotkin that there are no plans to send federal troops or federalised National Guard to polling places in November, or to seize ballots or voting machines. [39]

Why it matters. Trump had said he had not ruled it out. Federal law bars armed forces from election sites except to repel armed enemies.

The pact announced on Friday puts 65 billion barrels under US control for at least 25 years, more than the United States' own proved reserves of 46 billion. There was no competitive tender and no published contract, and Venezuela's interim president says it leaves about $19 a barrel in Venezuela. [40]

Why it matters. The head of the law faculty at Venezuela's Central University says the agreement can still be taken to court, and the US has not named the companies that would drill.

The AfD is polling above 40% in Saxony-Anhalt before Sunday's election, against about 23% for the governing CDU. No other party will join it in a coalition, so it needs an outright majority to govern. [41][42]

Why it matters. Germany's domestic intelligence agency classifies the party as confirmed right-wing extremist, and no far-right party has led a German state since the Second World War.

Prime Minister Peter Magyar told the Bled forum that the EU has a leadership crisis and must decide whether it wants to survive or to win. He also called the 1 million euro daily migration fine on Hungary unfair; the country has been fined almost 1 billion euros in total. [43]

Why it matters. Magyar sits in the same centre-right group as the Commission president he is criticising.

The Institute for Security Studies says the United States has withdrawn funding for the peacekeeping mission in Somalia. It says a separate political deadlock over holding elections is pulling attention away from the fight against al-Shabaab. [44]

Why it matters. The Horn of Africa's security rests on a mission nobody has agreed to keep paying for.

A delegation from Ukraine's RIDNE food consortium and the Tony Blair Institute visited Berbera port in Somaliland to assess it as a hub for storing and distributing food aid for the Horn of Africa, Sudan and Yemen. No agreement was announced. [45]

Why it matters. Berbera sits on the Gulf of Aden near the Red Sea routes and is landlocked Ethiopia's nearest outlet to the sea.

A social media user photographed a man holding a laptop at Taipei Main Station, read Chinese characters on the screen, and reported him to police, immigration and two other agencies as a suspected mainland spy. A governing-party legislator amplified it, and it turned out to be nothing. [46]

Why it matters. Analysts say fear of infiltration is now producing its own false alarms, and each one costs public trust.

The United States and Israel restarted the war on 28 February with four stated aims: end Iran's nuclear programme, end its missile programme, cut off its allied armed groups, and change its government. Six months on, none has been met. [47]

Why it matters. Ayatollah Ali Khamenei was killed on 28 February; his son Mojtaba now holds the post, and the Revolutionary Guard has come out of the war as the strongest branch of the state.

Sea cucumbers, seabed animals that eat organic matter and excrete clean oxygenated sand, are the centre of a $200m illegal trade across the Indian Ocean. Seventy per cent of the world's fisheries for them are already overexploited, and Mexican cartels and the Japanese Yakuza have been reported moving into the trade. [48]

Why it matters. They keep nitrogen and phosphorus circulating and slow ocean acidification, so the loss is not only of the animal.

Oumarou Compaore has grown his pineapple farm outside Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso to about 50 hectares since 2018, on sandy, stony ground people told him would take only cotton, maize or sorghum. Pineapples are now written into Burkina Faso's national development plan. [49]

Why it matters. Burkina Faso has 24 million people and has tied its growth plan to producing more of the food it currently imports.

A bomb hit a police patrol van during a search operation in the Ghol dam area of Karak district in north-west Pakistan on Monday, killing constable Wajid and injuring six others. A suspected quadcopter strike on a house in South Waziristan the same morning injured a man and his three children, aged two, four and seven. [50]

Why it matters. The van was hit while the unit was out searching for the people who plant these bombs.

Germany's weather service put the summer's average temperature at 19.6C, behind only 2003 this century, and unusually dry with it. The Rhine at Cologne fell low enough to expose the remains of a bridge built by Allied forces just after the Second World War. [51]

Why it matters. It is a figure the country keeps every year, and only one summer since 2000 has been above it.